Гострий вплив малосторонніх ігор на силу підколінного сухожилля у молодих футболістів
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.11Ключові слова:
підколінне сухожилля, профілактика, юний футболіст, малосторонні ігриАнотація
Мета дослідження. Малосторонні ігри (SSG) – це інтенсивні тренування, які дуже популярні у тренуванні з футболу. Знання гострих наслідків вправ, які складають тренування, є дуже важливими, особливо для зниження ризику травм у молодіжному футболі. Це дослідження спрямоване на оцінку гострого впливу SSG на ексцентричну силу підколінного сухожилля та на визначення асиметрії сили нижніх кінцівок (LLSA) у молодих футболістів.
Матеріали і методи. Вибірку склали молоді футболісти-чоловіки до 17 років (n = 24, 16,6 ± 0,5 років, 168,8 ± 4,6 см, 58,2 ± 3,5 кг). До і після SSG (4 на 4, 3×4 хв, відновлення 3 хв, без воротарів) ексцентричну силу підколінного сухожилля та асиметрію ексцентричної сили нижньої кінцівки оцінювали за допомогою спеціального динамометра (N3 Easytech, Італія) та відповідного програмного забезпечення. Кожен юний футболіст виконував одноразове повторення скандинавської вправи на підколінне сухожилля з динамометром; приблизно через 2 хвилини вони виконали 5 повторень однієї і тієї ж вправи без перерви. Для обох оцінок були виявлені ексцентрична міцність і LLSA.
Результати. Оцінка ексцентричної сили підколінного сухожилля показує суттєві та статистично значущі відмінності в оцінці в порівнянні з допостовими значеннями. Значне зниження спостерігалося для піку ексцентричної сили (p < 0,018 і p < 0,014 для правої/лівої кінцівки), для ексцентричної середньої сили (p < 0,017 і p < 0,006 для правої/лівої кінцівки). Значення ексцентричної пікової асиметрії сили та середнього значення асиметрії сили виявили значне збільшення (p < 0,0001).
Висновки. Зниження сили після SSG вимагає ретельного врахування порядку виконання вправ на тренуванні. Практикуючі тренери можуть планувати тренування та ефективніше застосовувати SSG з врахуванням впливу на підколінні сухожилля.
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2022-03-25
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Sannicandro, I., Cofano, G., & Raiola, G. (2022). Гострий вплив малосторонніх ігор на силу підколінного сухожилля у молодих футболістів. Теорія та методика фізичного виховання, 22(1), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.11
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