From Reception to Carry: Validating a Scalable First‑Touch‑to‑Dribbling Progression in Youth Football
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2026.1.11Keywords:
first touch, youth football, small‑sided games, constraints‑led approach, representative learning designAbstract
Objectives. This study aimed to develop, validate, and conduct a preliminary effectiveness evaluation of a scalable training model that explicitly links first-touch quality to dribbling execution for U-13 footballers using representative, constraints-led practice.
Materials and Methods. Following a Research and Development (R&D) logic, a sequence produced ten staged variants, expert-validated and piloted before a preliminary pre–post control comparison in grassroots schools. The outcomes combined standardized circuits and small-sided scenarios to index reception-to-carry performance, with fidelity, safety, and acceptability monitored.
Results. Most participants improved on the integrated index; two-thirds recorded positive change,while few exhibited a decline. A modest pre–post correlation suggested heterogeneous gains independent of baseline level. The greatest gains were observed when reception tasks required scanning, oriented first touch, and immediate carry or release under scaled space, pressure, and time constraints. Expert review supported content relevance and age-appropriateness; pilots and large-group trials confirmed the feasibility across resource conditions. Discussion: Converging evidence from development, validation, and field testing phases indicates that small-sided games, targeted technique consolidation, SAQ, and proprioceptive elements collectively enhance perception–action coupling and affordance attunement, enabling potentially transferable improvements in first touch and dribbling. Practical implications include simple progression knobs, coach prompts, and equipment configurations to preserve informational fidelity in constrained settings.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that a curriculum-aligned, R&D-validated progression shows promising preliminary effectiveness for strengthening youth development pathways by coupling reception to purposeful carry decisions, warranting wider adoption and further dose–response research.
Downloads
References
Iuliano, E., Bonavolontà, V., Ferrari, D., Bragazzi, N. L., Capasso, B., Kuvačić, G., & Giorgio, A. D. (2023). The Decision-Making in Dribbling: A Video Analysis Study of U10 Soccer Players’ Skills and Coaches’ Quality Evaluation. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1200208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1200208
Szabó, Z. T., Derkács, E., Deli, B., Prémusz, V., Vass, L., Pusztafalvi, H., & Ács, P. (2024). The Effect of a 10-Week TOCA Football System Intervention Program on Sport-Specific Motor Skills Among Junior Footballers. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2024.1339768 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2024.1339768
Alzate, S. J. G., Higuita, D. A., Jaramillo, A. F., & Machado, J. A. T. (2025). Impact of the Tactical Critical Thinking Program (TPCT) on Ball Control and Passing Accuracy in U-8 Football Players: A Quasi-Experimental Study. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 20(5), 1972–1986. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251335229 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251335229
Souglis, A., Travlos, A. K., & Andronikos, G. (2022). The Effect of Proprioceptive Training on Technical Soccer Skills in Female Soccer. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(3), 748–760. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221097857 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221097857
D’Isanto, T., Domenico, F. D., D’Elia, F., Aliberti, S., & Esposito, G. (2021). The Effectiveness of Constraints-Led Training on Skill Development in Football. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(6), 1344–1351. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090630
Hadinata, R., Lubis, J., Setiawan, I., Samsudin, S., Asmawi, Moch., & Daya, W. J. (2023). Basic Technique Skill Practice Model Filanesia-Based Football. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), e609. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.609 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.609
Sucipto, S., Yudiana, Y., Hambali, B., Komariyah, L., & Gumilar, A. (2021). Application of Tactical Approach to Developing Students’ Enjoyment and Skills in Playing Football. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(4A), 100–105. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.091317 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.091317
Hunter, A. H., Smith, N. M. A., Camata, T. V, Crowther, M. S., Mather, A., Moura, F. A., Santiago, P. R. P., & Wilson, R. S. (2022). Are Soccer Players Born Later in the Year More Technically Skilled Than Those Born Earlier in the Year. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(6), 2015–2024. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221117630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221117630
Carvalho, F. M., Clemente, F. M., Praça, G. M., & Teoldo, I. (2021). Effect of Outside Floaters on Soccer Players’ Tactical Behaviour in Small-Sided Conditioned Games (Efecto De Los Comodines Externos en El Comportamiento Táctico De Los Jugadores De Fútbol en Los Juegos Reducidos Y Condicionados). Retos, 42, 767–773. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.86346 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.86346
Clemente, F. M., Silva, A. F., Kawczyński, A., Yıldız, M., Chen, Y., Birlik, S., Nobarı, H., & Akyıldız, Z. (2022). Physiological and Locomotor Demands During Small-Sided Games Are Related to Match Demands and Physical Fitness? A Study Conducted on Youth Soccer Players. BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00535-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00535-w
Formenti, D., Rossi, A., Bongiovanni, T., Campa, F., Cavaggioni, L., Alberti, G., Longo, S., & Trecroci, A. (2021). Effects of Non-Sport-Specific Versus Sport-Specific Training on Physical Performance and Perceptual Response in Young Football Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041962
Aquino, R., Puggina, E. F., Alves, I. d. S., & Júlio, G. (2017). Skill-Related Performance in Soccer: A Systematic Review. Human Movement, 18(5). https://doi.org/10.1515/humo-2017-0042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/humo-2017-0042
García-Ceberino, J. M., Medina, A. A., Ibáñez, S. J., & Molina, S. F. (2020). Design and Validation of the Instrument for the Measurement of Learning and Performance in Football. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 4629. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134629 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134629
Clemente, F. M., Praça, G. M., Oliveira, R., Aquino, R., Araújo, R., Silva, R., Sarmento, H., & Afonso, J. (2022). A Systematic Review of the Criterion Validity and Reliability of Technical and Tactical Field-Based Tests in Soccer. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(6), 1462–1487. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221085236 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221085236
Suryadi, D., Okilanda, A., Yanti, N., Suganda, M. A., Mashud, Santika, I. G. P. N. A., Vanagosi, K. D., & Hardinata, R. (2023). Combination of Varied Agility Training With Small Sided Games: How It Influences Football Dribbling Skills? Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(3), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0302
Brink, L., Ha, S. K., Snowdon, J., Vidal-Codina, F., Rauch, B., Wang, F., Wu, D., López-Felip, M. A., Clanet, C., & Hosoi, A. (2023). Measuring Skill via Player Dynamics in Football Dribbling. Scientific Reports, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45914-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45914-6
Okilanda, A., Putra, D. D., Setiabudi, Moh. A., Nasution, U., Ibrahim, I., Wijaya, H. H., Mahyudi, Y. V, & Ningrum, D. T. M. (2021). The Effect of Game Analytical Game (GAG) to Increase of Basic Skill Shooting Soccer Player 6-9 Years Old. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(4), 609–614. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090401
Adi, P. W., & Kustiawan, A. A. (2024). Development of a Stage-Based Basic Technique of Playing Soccer Training Model According to the 9–10 Years Age Group for Soccer School Students. Fiz Pol, 24(2), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.56984/8zg56081vm DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG56081VM
Ardiansyah, A., Sumaryanto, S., Komarudin, K., Sabillah, M. I., Rusdin, R., Irawan, E., & Anhar, A. (2024). Integrated Training Plan for Youth Soccer Players: Focus on SABC. Retos, 53, 418–426. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102317 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102317
Paisal, P., Samsudin, S., Setiawan, I., & Rahman, Abd. (2024). Development of a Shooting Training Model for Football Players Aged 14-17 Years. Retos, 59, 481–489. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.108176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.108176
Manshuralhudlori, M., Doewes, R. I., Nuryadin, I., & Syaifullah, R. (2023). Design Validity and Reliability of Test Instruments for Measuring Football Heading Accuracy and Coordination. Sport Tk-Revista Euroamericana De Ciencias Del Deporte, 37. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.587511 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.587511
Sridadi, S., Tomoliyus, T., Septiasari, E. A., Parijan, P., Yuliarto, H., & Ilham, I. (2021). Effect of Technical Training Using a Ball on the Dribbling Speed for Football Players Aged 10-12 Years. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(4), 824–831. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090429
Qowiyyuridho, G., Tomoliyus, T., & Fauzi, F. (2021). Validity and Reliability of Agility Test With Dribbling and Passing in Soccer Games. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(2), 301–307. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090218 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090218
González-Ródenas, J., Villa, I., Tudela-Desantes, A., Aranda-Malavés, R., & Aranda, R. (2022). Design and Reliability of an Observational Framework to Evaluate the Individual Offensive Behavior in Youth Soccer—The INDISOC Tool. Children, 9(9), 1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091311 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091311
Ortega, E., García-Angulo, A., Giménez-Egido, J. M., García-Angulo, F. J., & Andrés, J. M. P. (2019). Design, Validation, and Reliability of an Observation Instrument for Technical and Tactical Actions of the Offense Phase in Soccer. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00022
Pamungkas, G., Sumaryanto, S., Komarudin, K., Prasetyo, Y., Sabillah, M. I., & Saryono, S. (2023). The Influence of Hurdle Drill, Ladder Drill and Agility Training on Women’s Football Skills. Retos, 50, 127–133. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99770 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99770
Lex, H., Simon, M., & Schwab, S. (2021). Insights Into the Application of Soccer-Specific Actions in Established and New Game Forms of Youth Soccer. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 52(1), 168–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-021-00748-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-021-00748-0
Tušak, M., Corrado, D. D., Coco, M., Tušak, M., Žilavec, I., & Masten, R. (2022). Dynamic Interactive Model of Sport Motivation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7), 4202. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074202
Murr, D., Larkin, P., & Höner, O. (2020). Decision-Making Skills of High-Performance Youth Soccer Players. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 51(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-020-00687-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-020-00687-2
Jordet, G., Aksum, K. M., Pedersen, D. N., Walvekar, A., Trivedi, A., McCall, A., Ivarsson, A., & Priestley, D. (2020). Scanning, contextual factors, and association with performance in English Premier League footballers: An investigation across a season. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 553813. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.553813 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.553813
Stanković, M., Čaprić, I., Đorđević, D., Đorđević, S., Preljević, A., Koničanin, A., Maljanović, D., Nailović, H., Muković, I., Jelaska, I., & Sporiš, G. (2023). Relationship Between Body Composition and Specific Motor Abilities According to Position in Elite Female Soccer Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021327 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021327
Sunarto, W., Suharjana, S., Nugroho, S., Wali, C. N., Sumaryanto, S., Komarudin, K., Guntur, G., & Louk, M. J. H. (2023). The Effect of Circuit Training on Improving the Physical Condition of Northwest Pantar Football Athletes. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2023.110101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2023.110101
Primasoni, N., Syamsuryadin, Wahyuti, S. A., Arjuna, F., & Miftachurochmah, Y. (2024). The Effects of Football Training on Improving Aerobic Skills, Technique, and Anthropometry in Goalkeepers. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 24(2), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.2.07 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.2.07
Umar, F., Ruslan, R., Mısbah, M., Hidayatullah, M. F., Waluyo, W., Rahayu, T. W., Ellyas, I. S., Gontara, S. Y., Agustiyanta, A., Sugeng, S., & Shidiq, A. A. P. (2022). UMAC-CPF Coordination Test Model for Predicting the Eye, Hand, and Foot Coordination Ability of CP Football Players. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(3), 414–422. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100307 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100307
Bell, J., & Bell, P. A. (2020). And This Is What We Sing – Do We Sing? Exploring the Football Fan Songs of the Northern Irish ‘Green and White Army.’ International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 56(8), 1206–1223. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690220979715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690220979715
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jhony Hendra, Syahrial Bakhtiar, Khairuddin Khairuddin, Rusdinal Rusdinal, Gilang Ramadan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

